2022 NECO DATA PROCESSING ESSAY ANSWERS

 

Neco Gce 2022 November and December Questions and Answers Runz

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(2a)

{CHOOSE TWO}

(i) Formal channels.

(ii) Informal channels.

(iii) Unofficial channels.

-EXPLANATION-

{CHOOSE ONE TO EXPLAIN}

(i) Formal channels

It is an official way of communicating. A formal communication channel transmits information such as the goals, policies and procedures of an organization. Messages in this type of communication channel follow a chain of command. This means information flows from a manager to his subordinates and they in turn pass on the information to the next level of staff. Some examples include company newsletters, business plans, instructions, annual reports, agreements, company-wide communications, board presentations etc.

(ii) Informal channels: It is also an official way of communicating, with somewhat relaxed norms. There may not be a need for a chain of command or hierarchy in this kind of communication. There will be immense official communication where such hierarchy or command is not needed, but they happen within the official framework. Some examples will include conversations on the work floor addressing queries of team members, lunch time conversations, many of the emails where formal command is not needed such as someone is seeking some quick information etc. Under the official environment, both formal and informal channels are used as needed.

(iii) Unofficial channels: There exists an unofficial mode of communication as well. The employees communicate outside work environment on topics not related to work. General social, sports, political and personal communication are unofficial channels. But a manager needs to be aware about the existence of such a channel and information flowing in them. Many times rumours and gossips also provide very important information which otherwise will not be available.

 

(2aii)

{CHOOSE ANY FOUR}

(i)coaxial cable

(ii) twisted-pair

(iii) satellite

(iv) phone lines

(v) twisted pair cables

(vi) coaxial cables

 

(2bi)

Word Processing refers to the act of using a computer to create, edit, save and print documents.

 

(2bii)

{CHOOSE ANY TWO}

(i) Microsoft word.

(ii) Corel word perfect.

(iii) Word star.

(iv) Lotus WordPro

 

(2biii)

(i) Save

(ii) Save As

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(4ai)

Graphic packages are programs that allow you to create graphic pictures, logos, letter headed papers, brochures, calendars, etc.

 

OR

 

Graphic Package is a collection of programs that allows for easy creation, selection and deliberate manipulation of text and images using distinctive styles on a computer for the purpose of clarity and effective communication.

5ai)

Light Pen: light pen is a light-sensitive pen-like device used by pointing it at the display surface. A user brings the light pen to the desired point on the screen and presses a button, causing it to identify the current location. It is used to select options from a menu or to draw images.

 

(5aii)

Barcode reader: Bar code is a specialized code represented by sets of parallel bars of varying thickness and separation. This is used for fast identification of items with an optimal scanner. The optical scanner is called a bar code reader. The bar code reader is a photoelectric scanner that read the bar code.

 

(5aiii)

Plotter: Plotters are large scale printers that are connected to a computer. They are typically used to print CAD (Computer Aided Drafting) drawings created by engineers and for banner advertisements and other large promotional materials. They are used mainly by industry and businesses who need a flexible, efficient and cost effective printing solution.

 

(5aiv)

Speaker: Speakers are attached to computers for the output of sound. Sound cards are required in the computer for speakers to function. Speakers range from simple, two-speaker output devices to surround-sound multi channel units.

 

(5bi)

(i) Drum plotter

(ii) Flat-bed plotter

 

(5bii)

Graphic packages are those programs that allow artiste and computer users to use computers to create, edit, display and print graphic images. A graphics package is an application that can be used to create and manipulate images on a computer. Examples include Paint, Adobe Photoshop, Corel draw, CAD (computer aided design).

 

(5biii)

(i) Painting packages

(ii) Drawing packages

(2ai)

E mail service is a means of sending message,text and computer files between computers via the internet. Email is the exchange of computer stores messages by telecommunications. Email service provider (ESP) allows users to send email campaigns to a list of subscribers.

 

(2aii)

(i) managing email is easy

(ii) Email is fast

(iii) Email is inexpensive

 

(2bi)

Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and video content to a dispersed audience via any audio or visual mass communications medium, but usually one using electromagnetic radiation (radio waves). The receiving parties may include the general public or a relatively large subset thereof. Broadcasting has been used for purposes of private recreation, non commercial exchange of messages,experimentation ,self training and emergency communication.

 

(2bii)

(i) Personal Area Network (PAN)

(ii) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

(iii) Local Area Network (LAN

Bandwidth: Bandwidth is the capacity of data that can be transferred between the website, its users and the servers. It is the capacity of the connection between the website user and the server. Bandwidths are either expressed in MB/s (Megabytes per Second) or GB/s (Gigabytes per Second).

 

(3ii)

Bookmark : Bookmark is a Web browser feature used to save a Uniform Resource Locator(URL) address for future reference. Bookmarks save user and browser time, which is especially useful for Web pages with long Uniform Resource Locator(URLs).Browsers usually provide folder options for related bookmarks

 

(3iii)

Download: Download means to receive data from a remote system, typically a server such as a web server, an FTP server, an email server, or other similar system. Download can refer to the general transfer of a file from one computer to another over a network,usually from a larger server to a user device.

 

(3iv)

HTML: HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is a standard markup language for web page creation. It allows the creation and structure of sections, paragraphs, and links using HTML elements (the building blocks of a web page) such as tags and attributes.

 

(3v)

Hyperlink: Hyperlink is an element in an HTML document that links to either another portion of the document or to another document altogether. On webpages, hyperlinks are usually colored purple or blue and are sometimes underlined.

COMPUTER NO.5

 

5a)

• A light pen is a light-sensitive computer input device, basically a stylus, that is used to select text, draw pictures and interact with user interface elements on a computer screen or monitor.
• A barcode reader (or barcode scanner) is an optical scanner that can read printed barcodes, decode the data contained in the barcode and send the data to a computer.
• A plotter is a printer that interprets commands from a computer to make line drawings on paper with one or more automated pens.
• Speaker is an output hardware device that connects to a computer to generate sound.

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5b)

• drum plotter
• flatbed plotter

 

ii)A graphics package is an application that can be used to create and manipulate images on a computer.

• painting packages
• drawing packages

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